Nurse fatigue

Fatigue is a major stressor for nurses, especially those working night shift, rotating shifts, or those frequently on-call during off hours. Chronic sleep deprivation can increase the probability of making a patient care or medical error, impairs physical and cognitive functioning for sound judgments, and narrows perception. Healthwise, fatigue is tied to an increase in chronic disease, sleep disorders, and depression and anxiety. Luckily there are many common-sense tips and tricks that nurses can use to mitigate the effects of fatigue and promote good sleep hygiene.

Current evidence-based sleep recommendations are for 7-9 hours of sleep per 24-hour period, including naps. Where possible, establish a sleep and nap routine. Allow sufficient time to wind down after work, and limit alcohol, tobacco, caffeine, and technology before bed. While exercise is great to maintain physical fitness, exercise just before bed can actually make it harder to fall asleep.

Nurses working night shift can take additional countermeasures. Consider the use of a “light box” for 20-30 minutes when waking and avoid light in the hours before trying to sleep. Short naps of approximately 20 minutes or restorative naps of around 90 minutes can also help prevent fatigue, although night shift workers should avoid naps after 4pm. Use of wearable technology (like a smart watch or exercise tracker) can also help monitor sleep levels and quality. Strategic use of caffeine and eating a larger meal right before the start of the night shift can also help prevent fatigue.